Improvement in looms



@gatita gisten gnent @Hire JAMES SGHOFIELD, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TOPM-I SELF AND OSGOOD .PLUMMER OF SAME PLACE.

Letters PatcntlNo. 61,767, dated February 5, 1867. l

IMPROVEMENT IN LGOMS.

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:

That I, JAMES SCHOFIELD, of the city and countyoi` Worcester, and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, lhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms; 4and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being-had 4to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, and which drawing represents an end view of so much of a power-loom as is necessary to illus- .Y trate my invention.

My improvements relate to the mode of 'operating the harnesses so tllat all the harnesses will be raised and lowered to bring the threads in each harness upon the same angle us the threads in the other harnesses when in the samepposition. That is to say, when the harnesses are operated to divide the warp-threads for the passage of the shuttle, all the threads above the shuttle, or in. the upper shed, will be upon the same angle, and all below the shuttle, or in the lower shed,\vill be upon the sameangle. (See red lines in the drawing.)

In the drawing, A represents the end piece of a loom for weavingifancy goods, and consequently requiring a number of harnesses. Only two of the back harnesses and two of the front harnesses are shown in the drawing, they being suicient to illustrate my invention. The harnesses are operated by horizohtaljacks, B, which are fulcrumed in the ordinary manner under the harnesses, as shown at a. The ends projecting in are connected to the harnesses in the usual manner, while the ends which project out are connected by wires or chains to the lower ends of the notched operating-bars C C, the latter being madev and operated by the pattern-wheel D in the usual manner. E is the elevating rod, which works; up and down in bearings, b and is operated by a crank, e, and connection, d. Just back of rodE is arranged a similar rod, wllichhas an up-and-dow'n motion, imparted to it from rod Ethe latter being connected by a connecting-retire, to one end of an arrn,f, which turns oustud E, the other end of arm f being connected by a rod, g, to a projecting'piece on the depressing-rod back of rod E, so that when the latter is depressed the former is elevated, and 'vice versa. G G are the eveners,l one ofv which works above and the other below the ends ofthe upper jacks B B', the latter being fulcrumed over the top of the harnesses in the usual manner, as seen at 3. The left-hand end of'evener G is hinged to a piece, h, fast on the elevating-rodE, while the other or right-hand end is connected bya hinged rod, z', to the elevatingarm H, which is alsohinged to a piece, j, on rod E; The-evener G is hinged in a similar manncr by one end to a piece, k, fast o n the depressing-rod, while its other end is connected by ai hinged rod, similar 'to connection "i, to the depressing-arm H. The rear: ends of arms H H are slottedout to fit pins'l and 2 in the stand I, as indicated in the'drawing. Pins land 2 may be made adjustable, so that theyl can be moved back and forth, so that they can beset in the same vertical plane withthe frolltedgev of the woven fabric.

The operationio'f my invention is as Ifollows: 'When the parts are iin position, as shown in dark and light colors in the drawings, the warp-threads are all on aline, as shown at 4, in blue, while when the warp-threads are divided for the passage of the shuttle, the threads which form the upper and lower sheds occupy the position shown in red lines 5, 6. As heretofore constructed, soffar as I am aware, looms having a large number of harv nesses have not operated perfectly, or in such a manner as to raise and lower the threads in al'l of the harnesses so as to bring all of the threads of each shed, when made up of the threads of several harnesses, upon the `same angle or inclined plane. The practicall result has been that delays and breakages have been and are still constantly. occurring in mills using the old-fashioned loom, resulting from the jarring motion of the 'harnesses and the raising and lowering of part of thethreads forming a shed so as tooccupy a different angle from the balance of the threads ofthe same shed. For instance, if the threads of one harness are too high when they form a partofthe lower shed 5, then such threads are apt to be broken by the shuttle, and in turn are apt to throw the shuttle out.. Again, if the threads are too low when'in the same position, they are apt to chafe upon the lay, and thus cause breakages. Again, when the upper jacks B are struck by the evener irregularly, as they are in the old style of looms, then the harnesses are apt to be jerked up and down, and the sudden and irregular movements thus given to the jacks, harnesses, and operating-bars C C, often occasion the displacement of the latter in addition to the'hreakages of threads, heddles, andjacks. By my improvements all of the above objections are obviated, since the depressing and elevating-arms H H and eveners G Gr act in connection and harmony with each other, while'the ends of all the jacks are acted upon in such manner as to raise andlower the harnesses in an even and easy manner. It will be noticed that'. the jaeksnhich operate the haelt harnesses have a greater motion thanthe jacks whichoperate the front harnesses; but the threads in both the extreme baek and front harnesses stand upon the s arne angle when the harnesses are sprung for the passage of the shuttle, as 'clearly indicated in red lines marked 5 and 6.

l Having described my improvements in looms, what I claim as new, and of my invention, anddesire to secure; by Letters Patent is i I. I claim the combination andarrangementofthe hinged arms H II,-l1inged eveners G Gr', connecting-rods z', arm f, and connecting-rods e and g, substantially as set forth.

s 2. I also claim the combination of pins 1 and 2 with the stotted ends of arms H H7, to retain the ends of said arms in proper position, and at the same time allow them to have slight longitudinal motion, to prevent binding of the parts when the loom is in operation.

JAMES .SCHOFIELD Witnesses:

T Hos. H.' DODGE, D. L. MILLER. 

